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Why Goat Farming |
Goat Keeping |
Kidding Management |
Stall Fed Farming |
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Lactation Parameters |
Feeding Habits of Goats |
Nutrient Goat Requires |
Feeding of Goats |
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Routine Operations |
Goat Shelter/Housing |
Goat Keeping Equipments |
Diseases Of Goats |
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Vaccination Program |
Fodders For Goats |
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NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF GOATS
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Dry
Matter Goat Requires
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The dry matter intake is an important
consideration since it reflects the capacity
in terms of voluntary food intake to utilize
the feed. With goats there appears to be
distinct difference in intake between meat
and dairy types. Meat goats have a
dry matter intake of 3-4 percent of their
live weight whereas dairy goats have
a dry mater intake of 5-7 percent of their
live weight. The other factors which affect
the DM (dry matter) consumptions are
availability of feeds, palatability,
moisture content and amount of fibrous
material present in feed.
Dry matter requirements as has been observed
by ICAR for kids with 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30
kg body and growing at the rate of 50g/day
are 425, 600, 700, 800 and 950 g
respectively. For maintenance of adult it
seems to vary between 66 to 70 g/w.
Variations observed might be due to the size
of the species and density of the energy in
the feed. However, DM intake of pregnant
goat was found to be 2.96 kg/100kg body
weight and 76.30 g/W. |
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Energy Goat Requires
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Energy is vital component of goat diets
affecting the utilization of other nutrients
and overall productivity. The basic
maintenance requirement for energy in goat
diets is similar to the requirements for
sheep. Additional energy is needed in the
diet for increased activity, type of
terrain, amount of vegetation on range, and
distance traveled to get feed.
Stall fed goats
with minimum activity need a basic
maintenance level in the diet. Light
activity requires about 25% more energy.
Goats on hilly, semiarid range land
need an increase of about 50% above basic
maintenance requirements. When vegetation is
sparse and goats must travel long distances
to graze, the energy requirement is about
75% above the basic maintenance
requirements. Wool type goats viz., Angora,
Gaddi and Pashmina goats require more energy
in the diets after shearing, specially
during cold weather. |
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Energy requirements can be made by good
quality roughages in the diet, except for
early weaned kids, for does during the last
two months of gestation, and lactating dairy
goats. Concentrate needs to be added in the
diet to meet the energy requirements of
these animals. Angora goats will respond to
supplemental feeding of grains with higher
production of mohair. Goats will also gain
weight faster if more energy is provided in
the diet. |
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Proteins Goat Requires
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The basic requirement for protein in goat
diets is similar to that of sheep and dairy
cattle. A minimum level of 6% total protein
needs to be provided otherwise feed intake
will be reduced. This leads to deficiencies
in both energy and protein, which results in
reduced rumen activity and lowers the
efficiency of feed utilization.
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Additional protein is required in the diet
for growth, pregnancy, lactation and
mohair production. Goats on range need
higher levels of protein in the diet than do
stall fed goats because of the increased
activity required to get feed. Adding
concentrate to the ration will provide the
additional protein needed. An excessive
amount of protein in the diet of goats with
light activity is also undesirable. |
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The most commonly used protein supplements
are linseed meal, soyabean meal, brewers
dried grains, and cotton seed meal. One
of the most economical sources of protein is
good quality Lucerne hay, fed as long
hay, chopped or pellets.
Protein deficiency symptoms in goats are
anorexia, loss of weight, poor hair growth,
depressed milk yield and impaired
reproduction. Severe deficiencies can lead
to digestive disturbances, anemia and/or
edema. |
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Minerals Goat Requires
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Generally, feeds used in goat nutrition
provide adequate quantities of the necessary
minerals. In some instances, deficiencies
may occur, specially of the major minerals.
Of the macro minerals that have been shown
to be supplemented in goats are salt,
calcium, phosphorus and sulphur.
Sodium Chloride:
Lactating does often requires additional
salt as milk contains high amounts of
sodium.
Calcium: Must be added to the
diets of lactating goats. Milk fever can
occur when calcium levels in the blood drop.
Phosphorus: Deficiency may
occur with goats grazing on range lands if
the forage is deficient in this mineral. |
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Send Us Your Queries and Requirements on this site.
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